ISSN: 2782-893X
eISSN: 2799-0664
ISSN: 2782- 893X
— This qualitative research identified the challenges encountered by first-year Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSED) Mathematics students in learning algebra at Osmeña Colleges. Using convenience sampling technique, the study employed open-ended question interviews with 17 participants to identify the specific challenges encountered. To fully analyze the collected data, simple percentage used as statistical tool and frequency count. The audiotaped interview was analyzed and interpreted using transcription of the data gathered. Then, researchers examined the interview and data for the similarities and differences of the responses of the participants. This highlighted the different nature of challenges faced by these students, shedding light on their perceptions about the challenges they encountered in learning Algebra. The result revealed that most of the students highlighted the utilization of signs as operation with 70.59% as the significant challenge they encountered. “Grasping expressions consisting higher exponents” and “Simplifying algebraic expressions” revealed 29.41% and 17.65% of the respondents identified to have a challenge encountered in “Understanding the process of problem-solving”. The researchers concluded that by equipping students with the necessary skills and knowledge to succeed by addressing these challenges proactively. Based on the identified challenges encountered in this study, the researchers recommend the possible action or solution that the teacher can implement to minimize the difficulties of the students through integration of sign rule, mastery of law of exponent and dedication of teacher in teaching the students. This research contributes valuable insights into the lived experiences of first-year BSED Mathematics students at Osmeña Colleges, shedding light on the complex nature of their challenges and informing institutional efforts to enhance student retention and success. Recommendations are offered for educational stakeholders to implement targeted interventions that foster academic resilience and holistic development among incoming students. Keywords — Challenges, Learning Algebra, Difficulties, Expressions, Algebra